Which legal principle does not apply under Common Law?

The principle that judges can make arbitrary decisions does not align with the foundational tenets of Common Law. Common Law is characterized by the reliance on judicial precedents established in previous rulings, which help ensure consistency and predictability in legal outcomes. This means that judges are expected to rule based on established legal principles and precedents rather than on personal discretion or arbitrary factors.

In a Common Law system, the evolution of law is grounded in societal changes, and courts are empowered to interpret and adapt legal principles over time, reflecting the values and needs of the society they serve. This continuous dialogue between courts and societal norms is a hallmark of Common Law. Additionally, the authority of a court to establish legal precedence underscores the system's reliance on prior judgments to inform current decisions, enhancing the legal framework's stability and reliability.

Therefore, the idea of judges making arbitrary decisions stands in stark contrast to the deliberate and principled approach that Common Law embodies.